Guhitamo guhitamo no gushiraho umwanya
(1) Ihame ryo gutoranya indangagaciro zikoreshwa mumiyoboro itanga amazi
1.Umuyoboro wa diameter ntabwo urenze 50mm, birakwiye gukoreshaglobe, diameter ya pipe irenze 50mm, koreshairembo,ikinyugunyugu;
2.Gutegeka valve naglobebigomba gukoreshwa muguhindura umuvuduko numuvuduko wamazi;
3.Igice gisaba kurwanya amazi mato (nkumuyoboro wamazi wamazi) ugomba gukoreshairembo;
4.Irembonaikinyugunyugubigomba gukoreshwa ku gice cyumuyoboro aho amazi akeneye gutemba byerekezo byombi, na valve yisi ntigomba gukoreshwa;
5.Ibinyugunyugu naimipirabigomba gukoreshwa kubice bifite umwanya muto wo kwishyiriraho;
6. Birakwiye gukoresha aglobeku gice cy'umuyoboro gikunze gufungurwa no gufungwa;
7. Umuyoboro wimikorere myinshi ugomba gukoreshwa kumuyoboro usohoka wa pompe nini ya Calibre.
(2) Umwanya wa valve kumuyoboro wo gutanga amazi
1.Umuyoboro wo gutanga amazi mu karere utuyemo uva mu gice cyinjira mu miyoboro y’amazi ya komini;
2.Umurongo wumuyoboro wo hanze wa buri mwaka umuyoboro utuyemo ugomba gushyirwaho ukurikije ibisabwa byo gutandukana.Iyo imiyoboro ya buri mwaka ari ndende cyane, birakwiye gushiraho valve igizwe;
3.Tangira umuyoboro wamashami cyangwa umuyoboro wurugo uva mumiyoboro nyamukuru itanga amazi mukarere gatuwe;
4.Umuyoboro w'urugo, metero y'amazi na buri shami rishobora kuzamuka (hepfo ya riser, hejuru no hepfo yumurongo wa vertical ring pipe riser);
5.Umuyoboro w'ishami ry'umuyoboro wa loop, uhuza umuyoboro unyuze mumiyoboro y'amashami;
6.Umuyoboro utanga amazi mu ngo, ubwiherero rusange nubundi buryo bwo kugera kumiyoboro yo gukwirakwiza amazi, Iyo hari ingingo 3 cyangwa nyinshi zo gukwirakwiza amazi kumuyoboro wogukwirakwiza amazi;
7.Umuyoboro wa pompe, pompe ya pompe yo kwuhira;
8.Ikigega cy'amazi yinjira, umuyoboro usohoka, umuyoboro w'amazi;
9.Umuyoboro wuzuza amazi kubikoresho (nk'ubushyuhe, umunara ukonjesha, nibindi);
10.Umuyoboro wo gukwirakwiza amazi kubikoresho by'isuku (nk'inkari, inkarabiro, kwiyuhagira, n'ibindi);
11.Mbere y'ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe, nk'ibikoresho byangiza byikora, ibyuma byorohereza umuvuduko, kuvanaho inyundo y'amazi, gupima umuvuduko, imashini, n'ibindi, mbere na nyuma yumuvuduko ugabanya valve no gukumira inyuma, nibindi;
12.Igice cyo hasi cyurusobe rwamazi rugomba kuba rufite ibikoresho byamazi.
(3) Guhitamo cheque valve
Reba indangagaciromuri rusange bigomba gutoranywa ukurikije aho bishyiriye, umuvuduko wamazi mbere ya valve, gufunga ibisabwa nyuma yo gufunga nubunini bwinyundo yamazi biterwa no gufunga:
1.Ubwoko bwa swing,ubwoko bwumupirana shitingi yubwoko bugenzura indangagaciro zigomba gutoranywa mugihe umuvuduko wamazi mbere yuko valve iba nto;
2.Iyo imikorere yo gufunga ikaze nyuma yo gufunga, aKugenzurahamwe no gusoza isoko igomba guhitamo;
3.Iyo inyundo y'amazi isabwa gucika intege no gufunga,Gufunga byihuse gucecekesha valvecyangwa Dashpot igenzura valve hamwe nigikoresho cyo kumanika igomba guhitamo;
4. Disiki yaKugenzuraigomba gushobora kwifunga munsi yibikorwa bya rukuruzi cyangwa imbaraga zimpanuka.
(4) Shiraho indangagaciro zo kugenzura mumirongo itanga amazi
Umuyoboro wa serivisi;Ku miyoboro yinjira yubushyuhe bwamazi cyangwa ibikoresho byamazi;Ku muyoboro w'amazi usohora amazi;Imiyoboro yinjira n’isohoka ihujwe ku kigega cy’amazi, umunara w’amazi hamwe n’igice gisohoka cya pisine yo mu misozi miremire.
Icyitonderwa: OyaKugenzurairakenewe kubice byimiyoboro ifite ibikoresho byo gukumira imiyoboro yinyuma.
(5) Umwanya wibikoresho bisohora imiyoboro itanga amazi
1.Ibyuma byangiza byikorabizashyirwaho kumpera no hejuru cyane yimiyoboro ikoreshwa mugihe kimwe;
2.Umuyoboro wumuyoboro wogutanga amazi hamwe no guhunika ikirere kugaragara.Umuyoboro wuzuyecyangwa intoki ya valve yashyizwe kumurongo wo hejuru wiki gice kugirango ushire;
3.Ibikoresho bitanga amazi ya pneumatike, mugihe hakoreshejwe ikigega cyumuyaga cyikora, ingingo nkuru yumurongo wo gukwirakwiza amazi igomba kuba ifite ibikoreshoUmuyoboro wuzuye.
Ibyiza nibibi bya valve zitandukanye
1.Irembo
Irembobivuga igice cyo gusoza (icyapa cy'irembo) ukurikije icyerekezo gihagaritse cyumuyoboro wa axis ya valve, ikoreshwa cyane nkigikoresho cyo guca kumuyoboro, ni ukuvuga gufungura byuzuye cyangwa gufunga byuzuye.Muri rusange,amarembontishobora gukoreshwa mugutunganya imigendekere.Irashobora gukoreshwa mubushyuhe buke burashobora kandi gukoreshwa mubushuhe bwinshi hamwe numuvuduko mwinshi, kandi ukurikije ibikoresho bitandukanye bya valve.Arikoamarembomubisanzwe ntabwo bikoreshwa mugutanga ibyondo nibindi bitangazamakuru mumuyoboro
Ibyiza:
(1) Kurwanya amazi make;
(2) Itara rito risabwa mu gufungura no gufunga;
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(5) Imiterere yumubiri iroroshye, kandi inzira yo gukora ni nziza;
(6) Uburebure bw'imiterere ni bugufi.
Ibibi:
(1) Ibipimo binini n'uburebure bwo gufungura, umwanya munini wo kwishyiriraho urakenewe;
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(3) Rusangeamaremboufite ibifuniko bibiri bifunga, byongera ingorane zo gutunganya, gusya no kubungabunga;
(4) Igihe kinini cyo gufungura no gufunga.
2. Ikinyugunyugu:
Ikinyugunyuguni ubwoko bwa valve ifungura, igafunga kandi igahindura umuyoboro wamazi mugusubirana kuzenguruka ubwoko bwa disiki ifunguye kandi ifunga ibice hafi 90 °.
Ibyiza:
(1) Imiterere yoroshye, ingano nto, uburemere bworoshye, kuzigama ibikoresho;
(2) gufungura byihuse no gufunga, kwihanganira ibintu bito;
.Irashobora gukoreshwa muburyo bwo gufungura no gufunga ibyerekezo byombi no guhindura imiyoboro yumuyaga nogukuraho ivumbi, ikoreshwa cyane mubyuma bya metallurgie, inganda zoroheje, amashanyarazi, sisitemu ya peteroli yimiyoboro ya gazi ninzira zamazi, nibindi.
Ibibi:
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(2) Bitewe n'imiterere n'ibikoresho bya kashe yaikinyugunyugu, ntibikwiye kubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe na sisitemu yumuvuduko mwinshi.Ubushyuhe rusange bukora munsi ya 300 ℃, PN40 hepfo;
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3. Umupira wumupira
Umupiraihindagurika uhereye kumacomeka ya valve, gufungura no gufunga ibice ni umupira, ukoresheje umupira uzengurutse umurongo wikizunguruka cya dogere 90 kugirango ugere kumugambi wo gufungura no gufunga.Umupira wumupira mumuyoboro ukoreshwa cyane cyane mugukata, gukwirakwiza no guhindura icyerekezo cyitangazamakuru, cyashizweho muburyo bwa V.umupira wamaguruifite kandi imikorere myiza yo kugenzura.
Ibyiza:
(1) Ifite ubushobozi buke bwo guhangana (mubyukuri 0);
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(3) Mu muvuduko munini n'ubushyuhe, birashobora kugera kashe yuzuye;
.Fungura vuba kandi ufunge valve, imikorere nta ngaruka;
(5) Ibice byo gufunga ibice bishobora guhita bishyirwa kumupaka;
(6) Igikoresho gikora gifunzwe neza ku mpande zombi;
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(10) Gufunga ibice birashobora kwihanganira itandukaniro ryinshi ryumuvuduko mugihe cyo gufunga.
.Nibikoresho byiza cyane kumuyoboro wa peteroli na gaze.
Ibibi:
. imikorere.Nyamara, imiterere yumubiri ya teflon, harimo coefficente yo kwaguka, kumva neza ubukonje bukabije hamwe nubushyuhe buke bwumuriro, bisaba ko intebe yategurwa hafi yibi biranga.Kubwibyo, iyo ibintu bifunze kashe, ubwizerwe bwa kashe burahungabana.Byongeye kandi, PTFE irwanya ubushyuhe buri hasi, irashobora gukoreshwa gusa mugihe kiri munsi ya 180 ℃.Hejuru yubushyuhe, ibikoresho bifunga bizasaza.Mugihe cyo gukoresha igihe kirekire, ikoreshwa muri 120 ℃.
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4. Umuyoboro w'isi
Yerekeza kuri valve igice cyo gufunga (disiki) kigenda kumurongo wo hagati wintebe ya valve.Ukurikije uku kugenda kwa disiki ya valve, ihinduka ryimyanya yimyanya ya valve iringaniza na disiki ya valve.Kuberako ubu bwoko bwa valve stem ifungura cyangwa gufunga inkoni ni ngufi, kandi ifite imikorere yizewe cyane, kandi kubera impinduka yo gufungura intebe ya valve iringaniza na stroke ya disiki ya valve, irakwiriye cyane mugutunganya imigendekere.Nuko rero, ubu bwoko bwa valve burakorana cyane mugukata cyangwa kugenzura no gutereta.
Ibyiza:
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(3) Mubisanzwe hariho ubuso bumwe gusa bwo gufunga kumubiri wa valve na disiki ya valve, kuburyo inzira yo gukora ari nziza kandi yoroshye kubungabunga;
(4) Kuberako uwuzuza muri rusange ari uruvange rwa asibesitosi na grafite, bityo igipimo cyo kurwanya ubushyuhe kiri hejuru.Amashanyarazi rusange akoresha isi yose.
Ibibi:
:guhagarika valveni hejuru kurenza ubundi bwoko bwa valve;
(2) Kubera inkoni ndende, umuvuduko wo gufungura utinda kurenza umupira wumupira.
5. Gucomeka
Nubwoko bwa valve igice cyo gufunga nigice cyizengurutswe na planger, kandi icyambu cyumuyoboro wacometse kuri valve gihujwe cyangwa gitandukanijwe numuyoboro wumuyoboro kumubiri wa valve unyuze kuri 90 ° kuzenguruka kugirango umenye gufungura cyangwa gufunga.Imiterere ya plaque ya valve irashobora kuba silindrike cyangwa conical.Ihame ryarwo ahanini risa na valve yumupira.Umupira wumupira watejwe imbere ushingiye kumacomeka.Ikoreshwa cyane mugukoresha peteroli ndetse no mubikorwa bya peteroli.
6. Umuyoboro wumutekano
Yerekeza ku gikoresho cyo gukingira birenze urugero ku gikoresho cyumuvuduko, ibikoresho cyangwa umuyoboro.Iyo umuvuduko mubikoresho, kontineri cyangwa umuyoboro uzamutse hejuru yagaciro kemewe, valve ifungura mu buryo bwikora hanyuma igasohoka byuzuye kugirango ibuze umuvuduko wibikoresho, kontineri cyangwa umuyoboro gukomeza kwiyongera;mugihe igitutu kigabanutse kugiciro cyagenwe, valve igomba guhita ifungwa mugihe kugirango irinde imikorere yumutekano yibikoresho, kontineri cyangwa imiyoboro.
7. Umuyoboro wumutego
Mugutanga umwuka, guhumeka ikirere hamwe nibindi bitangazamakuru, hazabaho uburyo bunoze bwo gushiraho amazi, kugirango tumenye neza imikorere nigikorwa cyumutekano cyibikoresho, tugomba gusohora ibyo bitangazamakuru bidafite akamaro kandi byangiza mugihe kugirango tumenye imikoreshereze nogukoresha igikoresho.Ifite imirimo ikurikira:
(1) Irashobora gukuraho vuba amazi ya kondegene;
(2) gukumira kumeneka kw'amazi;
(3) Kuramo umwuka nizindi myuka idahwitse.
8. Umuvuduko ugabanya valve
Nibikoresho bigabanya umuvuduko winjira kumuvuduko ukenewe kugirango uhindurwe, kandi wishingikiriza ku mbaraga ziciriritse ubwazo kugirango umuvuduko wo gusohoka uhite uhagarara.
9. Reba valve
UwitekaKugenzurani valve yikora, ihita ifungurwa no gufungwa nimbaraga zatewe no gutembera kwicyuma ubwacyo mumuyoboro.Reba valveikoreshwa muri sisitemu y'imiyoboro, ibikorwa byayo nyamukuru ni ukurinda gusubira inyuma hagati, gukumira pompe no gutwara moteri ihinduka, hamwe no kumeneka kwa kontineri.Reba indangagaciroirashobora kandi gukoreshwa mugutanga sisitemu yubufasha aho igitutu gishobora kuzamuka hejuru yumuvuduko wa sisitemu.Irashobora kugabanwa cyane muburyo bwa swing (kuzunguruka ukurikije hagati ya gravit) hamwe nubwoko bwo guterura (kugendana umurongo).
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-06-2023